Directions: Answer the following questions by selecting the most appropriate option.

Question: The main responsibility of a language teacher as a facilitator is 

Which of the following will help learners take greater responsibility for their own learning?

The main purpose of assessment is

When young learners are taught to improve their spelling and punctuation, they will

Instead of asking questions and getting answers from her learners, a teacher gives some short texts and asks her learners to frame questions. Her primary objective is to

Reading between the lines as a sub-skill of reading mainly involves

Correct speech habits can be developed most effectively through

After reading a poem, a teacher involves the learners in group work. One group writes the summary of the poem, another draws a picture to depict the main theme and yet another sets the poem to music. This activity

Young learners will enjoy a play included in the text-book when they

Under Constructivist Approach to language learning, learners are encourage to

After a story-telling session, the learners are asked to change the ending of the story. This will help the learners

When young learners are asked to read a text silently, they should be instructed

The primary objective of using role play is

Language skills are best learnt

Substitution table drill helps teachers in

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: When a part of the body is anaesthetized, 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: The real purpose of using anaesthetics is

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: An anaesthetic is inhaled when it is administered 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: When a gas is used as an anaesthetic, the anaesthesia is 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: Spinal anaesthesia is resorted to when

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: The expression ‘the site of the operative incision’ (line 22-23) means 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: An ‘abscess’ (line 34) is 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: The word opposite in meaning to the word ‘formerly’  is

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: ‘Anaesthetic’ is 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

The farmer is up before dawn on shearing-day, driving his flock into pens. By eight o’clock the shearers arrives and after a hearty breakfast, they take their places on long benches that the farmer has improvised in the pens. Shears are taken from leather cases and sharpened with whetstones; a fire is lighted to heat pitch for the marking; and the work begins.

Soon the shearers fall into their routine. A lad seizes a sheep from the pen and ties its feet-not with a cord, because that might injure it, but with a strip of sacking. The sheep is carried to the benches, and the shearer begins to slice off the wool. First he shears the coarse wool from the sheep’s belly, then lays the animal in its side on the bench between his legs while he snips at the curly wool round the neck. He works to end fro along the ribs, peeling the wool back until it hangs like a cloak doubled back over and begins on the unclipped side. In a few moments the whole fleece falls away in one piece, looking like a dirty grey rug. A few more snips from the shears and the wool is cut from either side of the sheep’s tail, leaving the animal white and naked. The shearer pushes the sheep to the ground and immediately calls for another animal. Meanwhile the lad daubs the farmer’s mark in pitch on the newly shorn sheep, unties her legs, and drives her out of the shearing pens.

A second lad-the farmer’s son – seizes the fleece as it is tossed aside, rolls it up tucking the tail-wool in first, and secures the bundle by knotting the neck. Any loose clippings are gathered separately. The work continuous still one o’clock, when the farmer’s wife summons the men to dinner. Each man finishes the sheep that is beside him, then the whole party goes back to the farm house. The men troop into the farm kitchen, leaving their dogs to scuffle in the yard. After the shortest of dinner-breaks – for there is much to be done – the shearing continuous, and the pile of fleeces mounts.

Question: What expression in the first paragraph suggests that shearing does not take place very often? 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

The farmer is up before dawn on shearing-day, driving his flock into pens. By eight o’clock the shearers arrives and after a hearty breakfast, they take their places on long benches that the farmer has improvised in the pens. Shears are taken from leather cases and sharpened with whetstones; a fire is lighted to heat pitch for the marking; and the work begins.

Soon the shearers fall into their routine. A lad seizes a sheep from the pen and ties its feet-not with a cord, because that might injure it, but with a strip of sacking. The sheep is carried to the benches, and the shearer begins to slice off the wool. First he shears the coarse wool from the sheep’s belly, then lays the animal in its side on the bench between his legs while he snips at the curly wool round the neck. He works to end fro along the ribs, peeling the wool back until it hangs like a cloak doubled back over and begins on the unclipped side. In a few moments the whole fleece falls away in one piece, looking like a dirty grey rug. A few more snips from the shears and the wool is cut from either side of the sheep’s tail, leaving the animal white and naked. The shearer pushes the sheep to the ground and immediately calls for another animal. Meanwhile the lad daubs the farmer’s mark in pitch on the newly shorn sheep, unties her legs, and drives her out of the shearing pens.

A second lad-the farmer’s son – seizes the fleece as it is tossed aside, rolls it up tucking the tail-wool in first, and secures the bundle by knotting the neck. Any loose clippings are gathered separately. The work continuous still one o’clock, when the farmer’s wife summons the men to dinner. Each man finishes the sheep that is beside him, then the whole party goes back to the farm house. The men troop into the farm kitchen, leaving their dogs to scuffle in the yard. After the shortest of dinner-breaks – for there is much to be done – the shearing continuous, and the pile of fleeces mounts.

Question: The shearer first cuts the wool from the __________ of the sheep. 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

The farmer is up before dawn on shearing-day, driving his flock into pens. By eight o’clock the shearers arrives and after a hearty breakfast, they take their places on long benches that the farmer has improvised in the pens. Shears are taken from leather cases and sharpened with whetstones; a fire is lighted to heat pitch for the marking; and the work begins.

Soon the shearers fall into their routine. A lad seizes a sheep from the pen and ties its feet-not with a cord, because that might injure it, but with a strip of sacking. The sheep is carried to the benches, and the shearer begins to slice off the wool. First he shears the coarse wool from the sheep’s belly, then lays the animal in its side on the bench between his legs while he snips at the curly wool round the neck. He works to end fro along the ribs, peeling the wool back until it hangs like a cloak doubled back over and begins on the unclipped side. In a few moments the whole fleece falls away in one piece, looking like a dirty grey rug. A few more snips from the shears and the wool is cut from either side of the sheep’s tail, leaving the animal white and naked. The shearer pushes the sheep to the ground and immediately calls for another animal. Meanwhile the lad daubs the farmer’s mark in pitch on the newly shorn sheep, unties her legs, and drives her out of the shearing pens.

A second lad-the farmer’s son – seizes the fleece as it is tossed aside, rolls it up tucking the tail-wool in first, and secures the bundle by knotting the neck. Any loose clippings are gathered separately. The work continuous still one o’clock, when the farmer’s wife summons the men to dinner. Each man finishes the sheep that is beside him, then the whole party goes back to the farm house. The men troop into the farm kitchen, leaving their dogs to scuffle in the yard. After the shortest of dinner-breaks – for there is much to be done – the shearing continuous, and the pile of fleeces mounts.

Question: Why are loose clippings of wool gathered separately? 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

The farmer is up before dawn on shearing-day, driving his flock into pens. By eight o’clock the shearers arrives and after a hearty breakfast, they take their places on long benches that the farmer has improvised in the pens. Shears are taken from leather cases and sharpened with whetstones; a fire is lighted to heat pitch for the marking; and the work begins.

Soon the shearers fall into their routine. A lad seizes a sheep from the pen and ties its feet-not with a cord, because that might injure it, but with a strip of sacking. The sheep is carried to the benches, and the shearer begins to slice off the wool. First he shears the coarse wool from the sheep’s belly, then lays the animal in its side on the bench between his legs while he snips at the curly wool round the neck. He works to end fro along the ribs, peeling the wool back until it hangs like a cloak doubled back over and begins on the unclipped side. In a few moments the whole fleece falls away in one piece, looking like a dirty grey rug. A few more snips from the shears and the wool is cut from either side of the sheep’s tail, leaving the animal white and naked. The shearer pushes the sheep to the ground and immediately calls for another animal. Meanwhile the lad daubs the farmer’s mark in pitch on the newly shorn sheep, unties her legs, and drives her out of the shearing pens.

A second lad-the farmer’s son – seizes the fleece as it is tossed aside, rolls it up tucking the tail-wool in first, and secures the bundle by knotting the neck. Any loose clippings are gathered separately. The work continuous still one o’clock, when the farmer’s wife summons the men to dinner. Each man finishes the sheep that is beside him, then the whole party goes back to the farm house. The men troop into the farm kitchen, leaving their dogs to scuffle in the yard. After the shortest of dinner-breaks – for there is much to be done – the shearing continuous, and the pile of fleeces mounts.

Question: Wool which has been sheared from a sheep is 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

The farmer is up before dawn on shearing-day, driving his flock into pens. By eight o’clock the shearers arrives and after a hearty breakfast, they take their places on long benches that the farmer has improvised in the pens. Shears are taken from leather cases and sharpened with whetstones; a fire is lighted to heat pitch for the marking; and the work begins.

Soon the shearers fall into their routine. A lad seizes a sheep from the pen and ties its feet-not with a cord, because that might injure it, but with a strip of sacking. The sheep is carried to the benches, and the shearer begins to slice off the wool. First he shears the coarse wool from the sheep’s belly, then lays the animal in its side on the bench between his legs while he snips at the curly wool round the neck. He works to end fro along the ribs, peeling the wool back until it hangs like a cloak doubled back over and begins on the unclipped side. In a few moments the whole fleece falls away in one piece, looking like a dirty grey rug. A few more snips from the shears and the wool is cut from either side of the sheep’s tail, leaving the animal white and naked. The shearer pushes the sheep to the ground and immediately calls for another animal. Meanwhile the lad daubs the farmer’s mark in pitch on the newly shorn sheep, unties her legs, and drives her out of the shearing pens.

A second lad-the farmer’s son – seizes the fleece as it is tossed aside, rolls it up tucking the tail-wool in first, and secures the bundle by knotting the neck. Any loose clippings are gathered separately. The work continuous still one o’clock, when the farmer’s wife summons the men to dinner. Each man finishes the sheep that is beside him, then the whole party goes back to the farm house. The men troop into the farm kitchen, leaving their dogs to scuffle in the yard. After the shortest of dinner-breaks – for there is much to be done – the shearing continuous, and the pile of fleeces mounts.

Question: What word from the passage best tells us that shears are like a very large pair of scissors? 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

The farmer is up before dawn on shearing-day, driving his flock into pens. By eight o’clock the shearers arrives and after a hearty breakfast, they take their places on long benches that the farmer has improvised in the pens. Shears are taken from leather cases and sharpened with whetstones; a fire is lighted to heat pitch for the marking; and the work begins.

Soon the shearers fall into their routine. A lad seizes a sheep from the pen and ties its feet-not with a cord, because that might injure it, but with a strip of sacking. The sheep is carried to the benches, and the shearer begins to slice off the wool. First he shears the coarse wool from the sheep’s belly, then lays the animal in its side on the bench between his legs while he snips at the curly wool round the neck. He works to end fro along the ribs, peeling the wool back until it hangs like a cloak doubled back over and begins on the unclipped side. In a few moments the whole fleece falls away in one piece, looking like a dirty grey rug. A few more snips from the shears and the wool is cut from either side of the sheep’s tail, leaving the animal white and naked. The shearer pushes the sheep to the ground and immediately calls for another animal. Meanwhile the lad daubs the farmer’s mark in pitch on the newly shorn sheep, unties her legs, and drives her out of the shearing pens.

A second lad-the farmer’s son – seizes the fleece as it is tossed aside, rolls it up tucking the tail-wool in first, and secures the bundle by knotting the neck. Any loose clippings are gathered separately. The work continuous still one o’clock, when the farmer’s wife summons the men to dinner. Each man finishes the sheep that is beside him, then the whole party goes back to the farm house. The men troop into the farm kitchen, leaving their dogs to scuffle in the yard. After the shortest of dinner-breaks – for there is much to be done – the shearing continuous, and the pile of fleeces mounts.

Question: ‘The sheep is carried to the benches.’ It is an example of